EMDR starts from a simple observation: some memories are not processed by the brain in the usual way. They remain stuck, continuing to trigger emotions, sensations, and negative beliefs as if the event were still happening.
Through bilateral stimulation, such as eye movements, sounds, or alternating taps, the method activates natural reprocessing mechanisms, helping the memory be stored in a more adaptive way.
The memory is not erased; it stops hurting in the same way. What once carried intense distress can be accessed with more distance and less reactivity.
People often report relief, reduced anxiety, and the sense of finally turning the page on something that had felt stuck for a long time.
How it happens in practice
A structured process, conducted step by step.
EMDR may help when there are
EMDR can also be used online when conducted by a trained professional, with the same structure of safety and confidentiality as in-person sessions.
When memories keep blocking the present
Clinical assessment considers personal history, symptoms and goals before deciding on a suitable approach.
PTSD and acute trauma
Accidents, violence, robbery, sudden loss, miscarriages, serious illness.
Complex trauma
Difficult childhoods, repeated abuse, neglect, captivity.
Anxiety and panic
When the body triggers responses without real present danger.
Complicated grief
Losses that stay stuck and affect daily life for months.
Specific phobias
Driving, blood, needles, heights, animals, public speaking.
Performance blocks
Athletes, artists and professionals who freeze in high-stakes moments.
Eight phases and the adaptive memory model
EMDR is a structured eight-phase protocol: history, preparation, assessment, desensitization, installation, body scan, closure and re-evaluation. The protocol organizes the session, but the work is wider than a checklist.
The underlying theory is the Adaptive Information Processing Model (AIP): emotionally loaded memories stay stored in maladaptive form, in sensory and affective patterns, without integrated narrative. EMDR reaccesses this material and lets it move towards functional processing.
Bilateral stimulation — visual, auditory or tactile — sustains this process, keeping the nervous system engaged while the material reorganizes.
There is an extensive controlled research base, with official recognition from the APA, WHO, and the Brazilian CFP. NICE includes EMDR as a first-line treatment for PTSD in the UK.
Training is regulated: therapists complete basic training and supervised updates. The Brazilian EMDR Association (emdr.org.br) keeps the list of certified professionals.
In-person and online work
Landing and safety
We build a regulation base before touching memory. We test the stop signal and tune the window of tolerance.
Target mapping
We identify the specific memory, image, emotion, negative belief and desired belief.
Reprocessing
We start bilateral stimulation. Content reorganizes while the nervous system responds.
Integration and closure
We install the positive belief, do the body scan, and guide post-session self-care.
EMDR, sessions and process
Does EMDR work online?
Online work may be considered after assessing clinical suitability, privacy, technical conditions and safety resources. It is not suitable for every person or situation.
How many sessions will I need?
There is no fixed number of sessions. Pace and duration depend on individual circumstances and are reviewed throughout the work.
Is EMDR scientifically recognized?
Yes. It is cited by the APA and WHO, and recommended as a first-line treatment for PTSD by NICE. The Brazilian EMDR Association regulates training.
Is EMDR hypnosis?
No. The client stays awake and informed throughout the session. Unlike hypnosis, you maintain full consciousness and dialogue.
Will I relive the trauma?
Working with difficult memories can bring up emotions and physical sensations. Preparation, an agreed pace and the option to pause are part of the process.
Does EMDR replace medication?
Medication decisions must be made with the prescribing professional. Psychological care does not replace that advice.
Can I combine EMDR with Brainspotting?
Yes. In many cases I combine both methods, choosing the tool that fits each moment of the work.
How much does it cost?
Fees and payment arrangements are discussed after your enquiry, before any appointment is agreed.
Initial enquiry and payment
Mariana Lage is a Brazil-registered psychologist (CRP 01/8814). Care for people in England is subject to clinical suitability and applicable local rules. Fees and payment arrangements are discussed after your enquiry. Payment in pounds sterling (GBP) via Wise requires confirmation of the receiving details. No payment is requested on this page.